Important Constitutional Amendments — 20 MCQ Practice
Covering important amendments such as the 42nd (Mini-Constitution), 73rd-74th (Panchayati Raj), 86th (Right to Education), 101st (GST), and 103rd (EWS Reservation) - a topic often confusing in exams, explained clearly question by question.
Which Constitutional Amendment is popularly known as the 'Mini-Constitution' of India due to its extensive changes?
The 42nd Amendment Act (1976), enacted during the Emergency, made vast changes across the Constitution, earning the moniker 'Mini-Constitution'.
By which Amendment Act was the voting age in India reduced from 21 years to 18 years?
The 61st Amendment Act of 1988 reduced the voting age for Lok Sabha and Assembly elections from 21 to 18 years to encourage youth participation.
The 'Right to Education' was made a Fundamental Right under Article 21A by which Amendment?
The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002 inserted Article 21A, making free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14 a fundamental right.
Which Amendment introduced the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India?
The 101st Constitutional Amendment Act of 2016 introduced the unified Goods and Services Tax (GST) across India, which came into effect on July 1, 2017.
By which Amendment was the 10% Reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) introduced?
The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 2019 provided 10% reservation in jobs and educational institutions for the Economically Weaker Sections.
Which Constitutional Amendment is associated with the establishment of the 'Panchayati Raj System' in rural India?
The 73rd Amendment Act of 1992 added Part IX and the 11th Schedule, establishing a uniform three-tier Panchayati Raj system in rural India.
The 'Municipalities' (Urban Local Bodies) were granted constitutional status by which Amendment?
The 74th Amendment Act of 1992 added Part IX-A and the 12th Schedule, providing a constitutional framework for Municipalities in urban areas.
Which Amendment Act substituted the term 'Internal Disturbance' with 'Armed Rebellion' for declaring a National Emergency?
The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 substituted 'Armed Rebellion' for 'Internal Disturbance' to prevent the misuse of emergency powers.
The Anti-Defection Law was introduced in the 10th Schedule of the Constitution by which Amendment?
The 52nd Amendment Act of 1985 introduced the Anti-Defection Law to disqualify legislators who switch parties for opportunistic reasons.
Which Amendment restored the nominal 5-year term of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies, reversing the 42nd Amendment's extension to 6 years?
The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 restored the normal 5-year terms of the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies, which had been extended to 6 years by the 42nd Amendment.
Which Amendment limited the size of the Council of Ministers to 15% of the total strength of the Lok Sabha (or State Assembly)?
The 91st Amendment Act of 2003 capped the size of the Council of Ministers, including the PM, to 15% of the total strength of the lower house.
The cooperative societies were given constitutional status and protection by which Amendment?
The 97th Amendment Act of 2011 added 'Cooperative Societies' as a right in Article 19(1)(c) and inserted Part IX-B into the Constitution.
Which Constitutional Amendment sought to establish the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC), which was later struck down by the Supreme Court?
The 99th Amendment Act of 2014 proposed the NJAC to replace the collegium system, but was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 2015.
Which Amendment facilitated the territorial exchange of land boundary enclaves between India and Bangladesh?
The 100th Amendment Act of 2015 gave effect to the Land Boundary Agreement of 1974, facilitating the exchange of territorial enclaves with Bangladesh.
Which Amendment established the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) as a constitutional body?
The 102nd Amendment Act of 2018 granted constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) under Article 338B.
By which Amendment was the reservation of seats for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies discontinued?
The 104th Amendment Act of 2020 extended SC/ST reservations for 10 years but discontinued the nomination seats for Anglo-Indians.
The first amendment to the Indian Constitution was enacted in which year, introducing the 9th Schedule?
The First Constitutional Amendment Act was passed in 1951, adding the 9th Schedule to protect land reform laws from judicial review.
How many languages are currently recognized in the 8th Schedule of the Constitution after various amendments?
Originally there were 14 languages. Through amendments (21st, 71st, and 92nd), 8 more languages were added, making the current total 22.
Which Constitutional Amendment added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali to the 8th Schedule?
The 92nd Amendment Act of 2003 added four languages (Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Santhali) to the 8th Schedule of the Constitution.
Which Amendment restored the power of State Governments to identify socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs)?
The 105th Amendment Act of 2021 clarified and restored the power of State Governments and UTs to maintain their own state lists of SEBCs.